{"id":1794,"date":"2016-06-09T16:58:00","date_gmt":"2016-06-09T14:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/sterilitet\/"},"modified":"2021-12-09T14:38:34","modified_gmt":"2021-12-09T13:38:34","slug":"infertility","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/infertility\/","title":{"rendered":"Infertility"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Infertility is a serious problem of our time, especially for young married couples who are fighting an uphill battle with it. Lots of married couples have difficulties when it comes to conception. About one in eight young married couples have problems when it comes to infertility. Most of them however due not seek professional help and instead rely on social media and the internet for answers. On the other hand there are couples who seek professional help, which is the right thing to do. But there are certain situation for which even modern medicine cannot provide answers or solutions. If medical professional cannot determine the cause or even propose solution for this problem, then it is highly likely that the couple will end up divorcing sooner or later. This is a tragic scenario, but there are couples which try in vitro fertilization or even adopt. The pain from these kinds of situation can push some people into superstition and make them vulnerable to scam artist and quasi doctors.<\/p>\n<p>However all of this can be avoided if the affected couples tries genetic counseling first. By choosing genetic counseling first, we can help the couple find the exact cause of these difficulties. We come to the answers by taking into consideration the following: family history, medical documentation and genetic testing. Sometimes the truth can be harsh and difficult to accept, such as one of the partners never being able to have kids. On the other hand sometimes the couple can have kids if certain medical treatments and procedures are taken. This is the correct way to help couples dealing with infertility.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"\/en\/male-infertility\/\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-flat\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#4684A0;border-color:#386a80;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#7ea9bd;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-male\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Male infertility<\/span><\/a> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <a href=\"\/en\/female-infertility\/\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-flat\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#ef392d;border-color:#c02e24;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;border-color:#f4756c;border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"><i class=\"sui sui-female\" style=\"font-size:13px;color:#FFFFFF\"><\/i> Female infertility<\/span><\/a>\n<p>In the following text we will explain a bit deeper the genetic causes of infertility. These are new findings and as such can be hard to understand and accept. Reader discretion is advised.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Modern treatment options for infertility<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"> We advise our readers to stay up to date with clinics that specialize in treating infertility. Sadly even these clinics rarely take into consideration the genetic causes of infertility.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>The necessary approach needed<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"> Treating infertility should be done both by clinical means and by using genetic counseling. By doing so we can successfully uncover and precisely treat the cause of the problem. <\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-plus my-custom-spoiler su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Genes and infertility<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>Infertility is caused by both external (environmental) factors and internal (genetic) factors. Genetic factors can cause anatomical defects in the male\/female reproductive tract, sperm problems, hormonal issues in both men and women, low sperm count and viability, problems with conception and the early stages of pregnancy. Sometimes internal and external factors can cause infertility by their mutual relationship, viral infections as causes of infertility are a great example. The viral infection causes an autoimmune response due to the person specific genetic make-up.<\/p>\n<p>There are countless genes which can mutate and cause infertility to arise. Due to their vast number we will list a certain number of them and their functions.<\/p>\n<p>Genes associated with normal hormonal and hypothalamic function: KAL1, LEP, LEPR, AHC, ESR1, AR, LHCGR, LHB, ESR2, GNRH1, AMH, CGA, SHBG, CYP19A1, CYP1A1, and CYP21A2<\/p>\n<p>Genes needed for the normal anatomy and function of the male\/female reproductive tract: CFTR, AMH, DMRT1, VEGFA, SRY, TSPY3, AMHR2, OVGP1, BMP15, and DACH2<\/p>\n<p>Genes needed for spermatogenesis in men and oogenesis in women: DAZ, AZF1, PRM1, PRM2, BPY, USP9Y, TNP2, CATSPER1, FSHB, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, LH\u03b2\/LHB, hCG\u03b2, POF1B, PABPC5, SHOX (PHOG), RPS4X, DIAPH2, FMR1, NROB1, DACH2, and BMP15<\/p>\n<p>Other genes: FST, GSTT1, IL-6, MLH, IGF1, WT1, NRIP1, OXT, small RNA genes and so on<\/p>\n<p>The amount of genes involved in this issue are vast and as such during genetic counseling, one should not try and chase after one particular gene but rather take the specific situation into consideration as a whole.<\/p>\n<p>. <\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Genetic tests for infertility<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<ul>\n<li>SPATA 16<\/li>\n<li>Y chromosome microdeletion<\/li>\n<li>Synaptonemal complex protein 3<\/li>\n<li>Calman syndrome<\/li>\n<li>LSH, \u03b2 polypeptide<\/li>\n<li>LSH receptors<\/li>\n<li>Androgen receptor gene<\/li>\n<li>Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator<\/li>\n<li>46XY, sex reversal , Adrenocortical insufficiency, Spermatogenic failure, Cryptorchidism<\/li>\n<li>POF panel<\/li>\n<li>Ubiqitin Specific protease 9, Y chromosome<\/li>\n<li>Gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor<\/li>\n<li>FSH, \u03b2 polypeptide<\/li>\n<li>FSH receptor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#89b6ca;border-radius:15px;-moz-border-radius:15px;-webkit-border-radius:15px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#a3d0e4;border-color:#ffffff;color:#fff;border-radius:15px;-moz-border-radius:15px;-webkit-border-radius:15px;\">\n<p>It is proven that <strong>CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS INTO AND GENETIC COUNSELING FOR INFERTILITY<\/strong> are the best corse of action that can be taken when facing this issue. This is the common approach in most developed countries.<\/p>\n<p>You can read the following article for more: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/gyn.akademos.de\/pdfdown\/akademos-cme-198-239eee07.pdf\">Rolf-Dieter Wegner Matthias Bloechle\u00a0Genetic testing in couples\u00a0with infertility\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0Zentrum f\u00fcr Pr\u00e4nataldiagnostik, Kudamm 199 und Institut<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#89b6ca;border-radius:15px;-moz-border-radius:15px;-webkit-border-radius:15px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#a3d0e4;border-color:#ffffff;color:#fff;border-radius:15px;-moz-border-radius:15px;-webkit-border-radius:15px;\">\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><strong>Pitanja i odgovori<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"sr-RS\">Va<\/span>\u0161a pitanja mo\u017eete postaviti privatno nakon <a href=\"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/biogena-registracija\/\">registracije<\/a> u na\u0161em delu za <a href=\"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/biogena-login\/\">ONLINE Savetovanje<\/a>.\u00a0Ukoliko ste ve\u0107 registrovani mo\u017eete se <a href=\"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/biogena-login\/\">prijaviti ovde<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Infertility is a serious problem of our time, especially for young married couples who are fighting an uphill battle with it. Lots of married couples have difficulties when it comes to conception. About one in eight young married couples have problems when it comes to infertility. Most of them however due not seek professional help [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-blog.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1794"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1794"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1794\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1797,"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1794\/revisions\/1797"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geneinfo.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}